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Gonnella, Tito

Descrizione di due macchine aritmetiche per l'addizione immaginate e costrutte da Tito Gonnella (Courtesy of the Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza, Florence, Italy

(*  1794 in Livorno (Italien), † 1867 in Florence (Italien))

1 Leben

• Tito Gonnella was born in Livorno, but lived and worked mostly in Florence. In 1829 he was appointed professor of Mathematics and Mechanics at the "Academy of Fine Arts" in Florence and then professor of Algebra at the “Dante Alighieri” high school .

2 Werke

• In 1824 Tito Gonnella invented and built the first wheel-and-disc planimeter, which was described in a paper of 1825 and in his "Mathematical Booklets" of 1841. The instrument was presented at the Great London Exhibition (1851) and was awarded the Council Medal. Another Gonnella’s contribution is represented by the two small adding machines presented in: "Description of two machines for arithmetic addition, imagined and built by Tito Gonella, professor of mathematics at the I. R. Academy of Fine Arts in Florence (1859)”. Gonnella is also remembered for his catadioptric telescope, which features were described by the author during the 3rd Meeting of the Italian Scientists in 1841. One specimen is kept at the Museum of the History of Science, another at the Ximenian Observatory, both in Florence.

2.1 Maschinen, Geräte

• Gonnella Planimeter (1824) (see Arti e Industrie714.png and 715.png
• Gonnella Keyboard Adder (1857)
• Gonnella Wheel Adder (1857)

2.2 Patente

3 Literatur

• Bottazzini, U., “La matematica e le sue utili applicazioni nei congressi degli scienziati italiani, 1839-1847”, in: "I Congressi degli scienziati italiani nell'età del positivismo", Giuliano Pancaldi ed., Bologna, Clueb, (1983);
• Marini Bettolo G.B., R. Capasso (eds.),“Gli scienziati italiani e le loro Riunioni, 1839-1847”, Roma, Acc. Naz. Scienze detta dei XL, (1991);
• Borchi E., Macii R., Vetrano F. (eds.), “Convegno nazionale su Strumenti e cultura scientifica nell'Ottocento in Italia : Firenze, 3-4 maggio 1995”, Firenze, Tip. Idealpress (1997).
• Gonnella, T., “Teoria e descrizione d’una macchina colla quale si quadrano le superfici piane”, Florence, (1825);
• Gonnella, T., "Opuscoli matematici : nei quali si tratta: I) di alcuni perfezionamenti del telescopio newtoniano, II) delle formule che determinano rigorosamente l'andamento dei raggi luminosi a traverso d'un sistema qualunque di lenti, III) d'una macchina per quadrare le figure piane" Florence, Tip. G. Mazzoni, (1841);
• Bromley, A. G., “Analog Computing Devices”, pages 159–199, in Aspray W.(ed.), "Computing before Computers". Iowa State University Press, 1990, p. 167;
• Carse G. A., Urquhart J. . “Planimeters”, in: Horsburgh E. M. (ed. ) Handbook of the Napier Tercentenary Celebrations, or Modern Instruments and Methods of Calculation. Bell, London, 1914. Reprinted 1982, Charles Babbage Institute Reprint Series for the History of Computing, Tomash Publishers, Los Angeles, p. 190; F. Soresini, ibid., Vol III, p. 35.
• Gonnella, T., "Descrizione di due macchine aritmetiche per l'addizione immaginate e costrutte da Tito Gonnella ...", Florence, Tip. Calasanziana, (1859).

4 Weblinks

 * Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza [ [1]]

5 Sonstiges

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